★★★☆

看題：

1.In context, the primary function of the final sentence of the passage is to 句子功能?

2.The author’s evaluation of Ogilvie’s argument focuses primarily on Ogilvie’s 直接細節(jié)，找作者的關注點

文章講解：

①Historian Sheilagh Ogilvie challenges the view that training by European craft guilds from 1560 to 1760 was necessary. ②Her main evidence, however, is based only on female employment in one guild. ③Like most other guilds, the Wildberg weaver’s guild banned women from becoming masters; however, it exempted master’s widow. ④Indeed, widows accounted for 14 percent of all masters. ⑤Ogilvie claims that these “untrained” widow prove “the irrelevance of training.” ⑥But Wildberg master-widows were not untrained for, as Ogilvie notes elsewhere, wives and children worked with masters; their training may have been informal, but it existed nevertheless. ⑦At least 80 percent of widows were married to masters for longer than the standard six-year apprenticeship; an unknown proportion of the remainder had grown up in weaving families.

①觀點?? ②轉(zhuǎn)折事實/作者觀點

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ↓

? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ③?事實 + ④ 事實

?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?↓

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?⑤?∈①?? ⑥ 事實

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ???? ? ↓

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ? ⑦ 事實

1. In context, the primary function of the final sentence of the passage is to

A. provide evidence to undermine a central claim in Ogilvie’s argument

B. summarize the most important aspects of the data Ogilvie cites to support her analysis. NE/RE

C. illustrate how the Wildberg weavers’ guild differed from other craft guilds of the period. NE/IR

D. quantify the amount of formal training typically received by Wildberg masterweavers. NE

E. clarify an ambiguity in the status of master-widows as guild members. NE，看功能，跳出句子本身

?

★2. The author’s evaluation of Ogilvie’s argument focuses primarily on Ogilvie’s

A.overgeneralization of a study of an atypical industry?有干擾，但②中one guild ≠ an atypical industry

B. failure to differentiate between formal apprenticeship training and subsequent practical experience? NE, practical experience ≠ informal training

C. assumptions that certain guild members had no training 對應⑤

D. insufficient acknowledgement of certain exceptions to a guild’s rules RE, 當然注意到了，就是拿這個來懟的

E.attempt to impose an artificial uniformity on an extended period in history NE