·單詞

trap v.????陷入，使陷于困境

????·trap????trapped????trapped????trapping

????·be trapped in a mine????被困在礦井里

????·n. 困境，陷阱，圈套

????????·It is a trap. Don't trust them.? ??這是一個(gè)陷阱，不要相信他們

surface n.????地面，表面

explosive n.????炸藥

vibration n.????震動(dòng)

collapse v.????坍塌

drill v.????鉆孔

????·drill a hole????鉆一個(gè)眼

capsule n.????容器

layer n.????層

beneath prep.????在 ... 之下

lower v.????放下，降低

progress v.????進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行

????·n.????進(jìn)展，進(jìn)步，前進(jìn)

????????·make progress????做出進(jìn)展，有了進(jìn)步

????????·make progress in/with sth.? ? 在某事上取得進(jìn)展

????????·economic progress????經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的進(jìn)步

smoothly adv.????順利地

·本課句型

·課文

????Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives. However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule. If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go. Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with the closest relatives. Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon. They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.

brought to the surface????被帶到表面：從某種狀態(tài)或位置中被帶到表面或公眾視野中

rescue?operations????營救行動(dòng)

If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours.

????·there had not been????there be 句型

As it is????事實(shí)上

they still have a long way to go????他們?nèi)匀挥泻荛L的路要走，文中的意思是他們離鉆透還早著呢

keep in touch with????與 ... 保持聯(lián)系

run out of????用完，耗盡

If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.

????·正常語序：it was how difficult to drill?through the hard rock

????·lose heart????失望，喪失信心

·知識拓展

if 條件狀語從句

·真實(shí)條件句（是真的，能夠成真的）

假設(shè)過去：If he were here, I would beat him.????如果他在這里，我會打敗他

????·如果他過去在這里，我會打他。非?？赡馨l(fā)生，因?yàn)槲以缇拖氪蛩?br>

假設(shè)現(xiàn)在：I will?help?you?if?you are stuck.????如果你遇到困難，我會幫助你

????·困難可能會發(fā)生，我將會幫助你

假設(shè)將來：The volleyball match will be put off if it rains.????如果下雨，排球比賽將延期

????·如果天下雨，比賽會延期，我看了天氣預(yù)報(bào)，天有可能會下雨

總結(jié)：真實(shí)條件句的從句就按照想要假設(shè)的時(shí)間使用對用的時(shí)態(tài)，除了假設(shè)將來用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來，主語都是將來時(shí)，假設(shè)過去是過去將來，假設(shè)現(xiàn)在和將來都是一般將來時(shí)。

·虛擬條件句（是假的，無法成真的，成真的可能性很?。?/p>

假設(shè)過去：If I?had been a little more careful, I could have found the error.????如果我再仔細(xì)一點(diǎn)，我就能發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)錯(cuò)誤了

????·實(shí)際上沒仔細(xì)，還是犯了那個(gè)錯(cuò)誤

假設(shè)現(xiàn)在：If we had a map in hand now, we would easily walk out of the froest.????如果我們現(xiàn)在手里有地圖，我們就很容易走出森林

????·實(shí)際上我們手里沒有地圖

假設(shè)將來：If there were/should be/were to be anything wrong in the future, they would tell you at once.????如果將來有什么問題，他們會馬上告訴你的

????·實(shí)際上將來不會出問題

對比：真實(shí)條件句是說話人主觀上認(rèn)為能成真的，虛擬條件句是客觀上無法成真的或與事實(shí)截然相反的。

真實(shí)條件句：If I ask?her to marry me tomorrow, she will?say yes.

????·他倆有感情基礎(chǔ)，男主很自信，相信求婚大概率能成功。

虛擬條件句：If I?asked her to marry me, she might say yes.

????·男主是個(gè)舔狗，他不相信求婚能成功，且概率極小，女神不鳥他。