00830現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)自考復(fù)習(xí)資料，選自教材〔現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)? 1999年版〕

作者：何兆熊

ISBN編號:9787810649049

出版社名稱: 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社

復(fù)習(xí)資料包

00830現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)自考復(fù)習(xí)資料內(nèi)容包括章節(jié)知識點(diǎn)、PPT講義、簡答題（密訓(xùn)資料）和2004-2022年04月00830現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)歷年真題（真題會持續(xù)更新，部分考卷可能會沒有答案）。

部分知識點(diǎn)預(yù)覽

What s makes n modern s linguistics t different from l traditional ? grammar? ( ( 現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)與傳統(tǒng)語法有什么區(qū)別？) )
Traditional grammar is prescriptive（規(guī)定性） ; it is based on “high” (religious,literary) written language. It sets models for language users to follow.But Modernlinguistics is descriptive（描述性）; its investigations are based on authentic andmainly spoken language data. It is supposed to be scientific and objective and thetask of linguists is supposed to describe the language people actually use, whetherit is “correct” or not.

What e are e the o two r major a media f of ? communication? f Of e the , two, h which e one s isy primary d and ? why? 語言交際的兩大媒介是什么？哪一個(gè)是基本的交際媒介？為什么？
Speech and writing are the major media of communication. Speech is consideredprimary over writing. The reasons are: speech is prior to writing in languageevolution, speech plays a greater role in daily communications, and speech is theway in which people acquire their native language.

phrase e structure rules(短語結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)則): a rewrite rule that allows for thepossible combinations of words to form phrases and sentences.

Synonymy(同義關(guān)系): Synonymy refers to the s sameness or close similarity ofmeaning. Wordsthat are close in meaning are called synonyms. . E.g. Fall-autumn

Polysemy(一詞多義): Polysemy refers to the fact that the same one word mayhave more than one meaning.

Homonymy(同音異義，同形異義): Homonymy refers to the phenomenon thatwords having different meanings have the same form, i.e. , different words are identical in sound or spelling, or in both.

Locutionary act(言內(nèi)行為): A locutionary act is the act of uttering words,phrases, clauses. It is the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax,lexicon and phonology.