????????近日，因一名美國非裔男子遭暴力執(zhí)法死亡，一場(chǎng)聲勢(shì)浩大的抗議活動(dòng)從明尼蘇達(dá)州開始。目前，抗議已蔓延30多城，多地的抗議活動(dòng)走向暴力。

140秒了解美國暴力示威始末↓↓

起訴書公布美國“黑人之死”全過程

????????從美國有線電視新聞網(wǎng)(CNN)對(duì)于當(dāng)?shù)毓俜焦嫉陌赴l(fā)全過程的報(bào)道來看，這起發(fā)生于2020年5月25日的悲劇，最初源于死者弗洛伊德在當(dāng)?shù)匾患沂称返曩I東西時(shí)，店主懷疑他使用20美元假幣而報(bào)警。

????????之后弗洛伊德便和警察陷入了糾纏，最終導(dǎo)致了悲劇的發(fā)生。

????????接下來，文章將根據(jù)這份起訴書中給出的詳細(xì)案情，并結(jié)合美國微軟全國廣播公司新聞網(wǎng)(MSNBC)之前給出的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)視頻，詳細(xì)回顧一下案情的經(jīng)過（以下英文內(nèi)容為起訴書原文）：?

????????在2020年5月25日傍晚，弗洛伊德在明尼阿波利斯市一個(gè)名叫Cup Foods的食品店使用一張20美元的假幣，店主發(fā)現(xiàn)后撥打911報(bào)了警。

• On May 25, 2020, someone called 911 and reported that a man bought merchandise from Cup Foods at 3759 Chicago Avenue in Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota with a counterfeit $20 bill.

?????????之后，在當(dāng)晚8時(shí)8分，明尼阿波利斯市警察局的兩名警官接報(bào)來到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，并打開了警用記錄儀。值得注意的是，這兩人中并沒有如今被起訴謀殺的警察德雷克·沙文。

• At 8:08 p.m., Minneapolis Police Department (MPD) Officers Thomas Lane and J.A. Kueng arrived with their body worn cameras (BWCs) activated and running.

????????在和報(bào)案店主了解情況后，兩名警察得知使用假幣的弗洛伊德的汽車所停靠的方位，便尋了過去。在找到這輛車后，兩名警察發(fā)現(xiàn)車?yán)镉腥齻€(gè)人，除了弗洛伊德還有一名成年男子和成年女子。弗洛伊德當(dāng)時(shí)坐在駕駛位上。

• The officers learned from store personnel that the man who passed the counterfeit $20 was parked in a car around the corner from the store on 38th Street.

• Three people were in the car; George Floyd was in the driver's seat, a known adult male was in the passenger seat and a known adult female was sitting in the backseat.?

?????????兩名警察則一人站在副駕駛位的門邊，一個(gè)站在駕駛位的門邊。站在駕駛位門邊的警察開始和弗洛伊德對(duì)話。起訴書稱，這名警察先是掏出槍對(duì)準(zhǔn)弗洛伊德打開的車窗，要求弗洛伊德亮出雙手。當(dāng)弗洛伊德把雙手放在方向盤上后，這名警察便收起了槍。

• As Officer Lane began speaking with Mr. Floyd, he pulled his gun out and pointed it at Mr. Floyd's open window and directed Mr. Floyd to show his hands. When Mr. Floyd put his hands in the steering wheel, Lane put his gun back in its holster.

????????隨后，該警察要求弗洛伊德下車，并用手將弗洛伊德從車?yán)锢顺鰜?，給弗洛伊德上了手銬。上銬過程中弗洛伊德曾有抵抗，但還是被銬上了。

• Officer Lane handcuffed Mr. Floyd. Mr. Floyd actively resisted being handcuffed.

?????????被銬上后，弗洛伊德變得順從起來，按警察的指示走到路邊并坐在地上。接下來，在不到2分鐘的時(shí)間里，警察詢問了弗洛伊德的名字和身份，還詢問他有沒有“嗑藥”，并向弗洛伊德闡述了逮捕他的原因——即使用假幣。

• Once handcuffed, Mr. Floyd became compliant and walked with Officer Lane to the sidewalk and sat on the ground at Officer Lane's direction. In a conversation that lasted just under two minutes, Officer Lang asked Mr. Floyd for his name and identification. Officer Lane asked Mr. Lloyd if he was "on anything" and explained that he was arresting Mr. Lloyd for passing counterfeit currency.

????????在當(dāng)晚8時(shí)14分，兩名警察準(zhǔn)備將弗洛伊德帶上警車。根據(jù)起訴書的描述，弗洛伊德僵硬地起身，然后倒在地上，對(duì)警察說他有“幽閉恐懼癥”。

• Officers Kueng and Lane stood Mr. Floyd up and attempted to walk Mr. Floyd to their squad car (MPD 320) at 8:14 p.m. Mr. Floyd stiffened up, fell to the ground, and told the officers he was claustrophobic.

????????此時(shí)，另外兩名警察也已駕駛一輛警車來到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。這兩名新出現(xiàn)的警察中，有一人是如今被起訴謀殺的警察德雷克·沙文。

• MPD Officers Derek Chauvin (the defendant) and Tou Thoa then arrived in a separate squad car.

????????但起訴書沒提及的是，警察沙文出現(xiàn)前，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)還出現(xiàn)了一輛來自當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@警察（Park Police）的警車。這輛警車上的一名警察當(dāng)時(shí)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)負(fù)責(zé)看住了弗洛伊德車上的另外2個(gè)人。

????????但由于這輛公園警察的警車后來停在了正好遮擋住路邊攝像頭的位置，所以MSNBC表示之后無法再從這一監(jiān)控的角度得知后續(xù)發(fā)生了什么。警察沙文的警車則停在該公園警察警車的后面，如下圖所示。

????????之后，起訴書稱警察們多次嘗試讓弗洛伊德進(jìn)入警車的后座，但都未果。因?yàn)楦ヂ逡恋虏辉敢膺M(jìn)入，并在與警察的糾纏中故意摔倒，說他不會(huì)進(jìn)入警車，也拒絕站起身來。

• The officers made several attempts to get Mr. Floyd in the backseat of squad 320 from the driver's side. Mr. Floyd did not voluntarily get in the car and struggled with the officers by intentionally falling down, saying he was not going in the car, and refusing to stand still.?

????????寫到此處時(shí)，這份起訴涉案警察的起訴書補(bǔ)充了弗洛伊德的體型信息，他有6英尺高（約1.83米）和200磅重（約90公斤）。

• Mr. Floyd is over six feet tall and weighs more than 200 pounds.

????????另外，雖然公園警察的警車擋住了原先路邊監(jiān)控的大部分視角，但依稀可以看到弗洛伊德和警察在警車附近確實(shí)有一些糾纏，似有警察在把他往警車?yán)锶膭?dòng)作。

????????起訴書繼續(xù)介紹說，在弗洛伊德起身后，他開始反復(fù)表示自己“無法呼吸”了。警察沙文便來到警車的副駕駛位置，和其他兩名警察再次嘗試從這個(gè)位置讓弗洛伊德進(jìn)入警車。

• While standing outside the car, Mr. Floyd began saying and repeating that he could not breathe. The defendant went to the passenger side and tried to get Mr. Floyd into the car from that side and Lane and Kueng assisted.

????????但不知為何，沙文決定在8時(shí)19分時(shí)將弗洛伊德從車?yán)镒С觥Ｆ鹪V書在此處只提到了沙文將弗洛伊德拽出的情況，但沒有說是什么導(dǎo)致他放棄了讓后者進(jìn)入警車的嘗試。之后，弗洛伊德在仍然被銬住的情況下，臉朝地躺在了地上。沙文用膝蓋頂住了弗洛伊德的頭部和脖子，另外兩名最初接報(bào)來處理弗洛伊德的警察則一人按住弗洛伊德的后背，一人按住了他的雙腿。

• The defendant pulled Mr. Floyd out of the passenger side of the squad car at 8:19:38 p.m. and Mr. Floyd went to the ground face down and still handcuffed. Kueng held Mr. Floyd's back and Lane held his legs.?

????????此時(shí)，弗洛伊德繼續(xù)重復(fù)表示他“無法呼吸”，同時(shí)還說著“請(qǐng)不要”和“媽媽”等話語。但三名壓制他的警察并沒有調(diào)整姿勢(shì)，并在弗洛伊德繼續(xù)前后挪動(dòng)時(shí)表示“你這不還能說話么”。

• The defendant placed his left knee in the area of Mr. Floyd's head and neck. Mr. Floyd said, "I can't breathe" multiple times and repeatedly said, "Mama" and "please," as well. The defendant and the other two officers stayed in their positions.

• The officers said, "You are talking fine" to Mr. Floyd as he continued to move back and forth.

?????????而后，一名警官表示要不要換個(gè)姿勢(shì)，給弗洛伊德翻個(gè)身，擔(dān)心弗洛伊德可能是出現(xiàn)了興奮性精神錯(cuò)亂之類的情況。但警察沙文表示不用，并認(rèn)為當(dāng)前壓制弗洛伊德的姿勢(shì)是最合適的。

• Lane asked, "should we roll him on his side?" and the defendant said, "No, staying put where we got him." Officer Lane said, "I am worried about excited delirium or whatever." The defendant said, "That's why we have him on his stomach." None of the three officers moved from their positions.

????????之后，在當(dāng)晚8時(shí)24分24秒，此前還在不斷挪動(dòng)和呼吸的弗洛伊德沒有了動(dòng)靜。在8時(shí)25分31秒，警用執(zhí)法儀的視頻顯示弗洛伊德看起來已經(jīng)沒了呼吸，嘴中也沒有任何聲響了。壓制弗洛伊德后背的警察檢查了弗洛伊德手腕，但無法發(fā)現(xiàn)脈搏。這時(shí)壓制弗洛伊德雙腿的警察再次提出要不要給弗洛伊德翻個(gè)身，但三名警察保持了最初的壓制動(dòng)作。

• BWC video shows Mr. Floyd continue to move and breathe. At 8:24:24, Mr. Floyd stopped moving. At 8:25:31 the video appears to show Mr. Floyd ceasing to breathe or speak. Lane said, "want to roll him on his side." Kueng checked Mr. Floyd's right wrist for a pulse and said, "I couldn't find one." None of the officers moved from their positions.

????????直到當(dāng)晚8時(shí)27分24秒，警察沙文才將他的膝蓋從弗洛伊德的脖子和頭部位置挪開。此時(shí)救護(hù)車已經(jīng)抵達(dá)，警察們將弗洛伊德抬上輪床，之后救護(hù)車離去。再后來，弗洛伊德在亨內(nèi)平縣醫(yī)療中心被宣布死亡。（注：明尼阿波利斯市屬于美國明尼蘇達(dá)州的亨內(nèi)平縣，系該縣的縣治，即縣政府所在地）

• At 8:27:24, the defendant removed his knee from Mr. Floyd's neck. An ambulance and emergency medical personnel arrived, the officers placed Mr. Floyd on a gurney, and the ambulance left the scene. Mr. Floyd was pronounced dead at Hennepin County Medical Center.

????????最后，亨內(nèi)平縣的醫(yī)療檢測(cè)機(jī)構(gòu)在2020年5月26日對(duì)弗洛伊德進(jìn)行了尸檢。雖然完整的尸檢報(bào)告還未公布，但初步的發(fā)現(xiàn)是：1、沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)可以支撐弗洛伊德“遭到創(chuàng)傷性窒息或被勒死”這一診斷的實(shí)體證據(jù)；2、弗洛伊德存在一些基礎(chǔ)病的情況，包括冠狀動(dòng)脈疾病和高血壓心臟??；3、弗洛伊德被警方壓制、他的基礎(chǔ)病情，以及他體內(nèi)中可能存在的一些毒品，共同導(dǎo)致了他的死亡。

• The Hennepin County Medical Examiner (ME) conducted Mr. Floyd's autopsy on May 26, 2020. The full report of the ME is pending but the ME has made the following preliminary findings. The autopsy revealed no physical findings that support a diagnosis of traumatic asphyxia or strangulation. Mr. Floyd had underlying health conditions including coronary artery disease and hypertensive heart disease. The combined effects of Mr. Floyd being restrained by the police, his underlying health conditions and any potential intoxicants in his system likely contributed to his death.

?????????另外，起訴書給出了弗洛伊德被沙文壓住脖子的時(shí)間，這一過程總共為8分46秒，其中有2分53秒發(fā)生在弗洛伊德已經(jīng)沒有反應(yīng)之后。起訴書還強(qiáng)調(diào)警察接受的訓(xùn)練中有提到這種對(duì)于目標(biāo)的壓制動(dòng)作是存在危險(xiǎn)的。

• The defendant had his knee on Mr. Floyd's neck for 8 minutes and 46 seconds in total. Two minutes and 53 seconds of this was after Mr. Floyd was non-responsive. Police are trained that this type of restraint with a subject in a prone position is inherently dangerous.

????????以上，當(dāng)?shù)貙?duì)涉案警察的起訴書中透露的案情全過程。

“如果他是白人很大可能就不會(huì)死”

????????據(jù)CNN報(bào)道，喬治·弗洛伊德家屬委任的律師此前曾透露稱，不相信明尼阿波利斯市的結(jié)果，要求進(jìn)行單獨(dú)的尸檢。

• George?Floyd's family attorney Benjamin Crump told CNN's Alisyn Camerota?that the?Floyd?family is waiting for?the medical?examiner's office to complete their autopsy?so they can "give him a proper funeral and also to have an?independent autopsy?because they do not trust…the city of Minneapolis."

????????在接受采訪時(shí)，喬治·弗洛伊德的律師怒問：“難道美國有兩個(gè)司法系統(tǒng)么？一個(gè)針對(duì)黑人，另一個(gè)提供給白人。我們不能這樣做。我認(rèn)為抗議者聲嘶力竭呼吁的，是美國必須要有公正的司法?！?/p>

• Is it two justice systems in America??One for Black America and one for White America??We can't have that, we?have to have?equal?justice?for the United States of America and that’s what I think the protesters?are crying out for, Crump said.

????????當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間5月30日，美國前總統(tǒng)比爾·克林頓在其基金會(huì)官網(wǎng)也對(duì)此事發(fā)表了聲明。他指出，不應(yīng)該有人以喬治·弗洛伊德那樣的方式死去，但如果是白人很大可能就不會(huì)死，這就是許多人感到痛苦、表達(dá)憤怒的根源，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)人的人生道路或因?yàn)槟w色而被評(píng)判、被貶低。

• Clinton said no one deserves to die in the way that Floyd did, and that "if you're white in America, the chances are you won't."

編輯：王瑜

來源：中國日?qǐng)?bào)（ID：chinadailywx）

綜合：環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)（ID：hqsbwx）、今日俄羅斯、人民日?qǐng)?bào)、美國有線電視新聞網(wǎng)